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What You Should Know About the Tea You Drink
Most of us have been given very little information about the tea we drink. Here are the things that actually help you understand what you are buying, what it will taste like and how to make it properly.
If your knowledge of tea is roughly English Breakfast, green, peppermint, chamomile and perhaps Earl Grey, you are not unusual.
Tea is familiar. The information around it often isn't.
You might buy a packet that tells you the name of the blend and how long to brew it, without knowing where the leaves were grown, what type of tea they are, how they were processed, what the grade means, whether the tea contains caffeine, or why one version costs considerably more than another.
That information isn't there to turn an ordinary cup of tea into a technical exercise. It helps you make a better choice.
At Sociatea, we think you should be able to understand what you are drinking.
So, here is what you have been missing.
First: most tea starts with the same plant
Black tea, green tea, oolong, white tea and matcha can look and taste remarkably different, but they begin with the same plant: Camellia sinensis. What happens to the leaf after it is picked creates the different styles.
Leaves can be withered, rolled, shaped, oxidised, heated and dried in different ways.
Black tea is allowed to oxidise more fully, producing darker leaves and a fuller flavour. Green tea is heated soon after picking to prevent oxidation, which helps retain its greener colour and fresher character. Oolong is partially oxidised and can range from light and floral to richer and more roasted styles.
That means black, green and oolong are not simply different flavours added to tea. They are different ways of making tea.
Herbal infusions are different again. Peppermint, chamomile and other herbal blends are made from herbs, flowers, spices, fruits and botanicals rather than the Camellia sinensis plant.
Understanding that distinction makes the rest of tea much easier to follow.
Where the tea comes from matters
Tea is an agricultural product.
Where it is grown, the plant material selected, the harvest and the way the leaves are handled all contribute to what eventually reaches your cup.
So “black tea” tells you something, but it doesn't tell you everything.
Two black teas can look different, smell different and taste completely different. The same is true of green tea and oolong.
When you're choosing tea, origin is useful information. It begins to tell you what you are actually buying rather than leaving you with a broad category name.
This is one of the reasons Sociatea wants to make origin and sourcing easier to see.
Processing changes what you taste
After tea is picked, the leaves do not simply get dried and placed in a packet.
How much the leaf is withered, rolled, oxidised, heated, shaped and dried can change its colour, structure and flavour. The Sociatea Tea Service Handbook describes the main stages as picking, withering, rolling or shaping, oxidation, heating or firing, and drying. Different combinations of these processes produce different styles of tea.
You do not need to memorise the process.
The useful thing to know is this:
The way tea is made affects the way tea tastes.
When a tea description tells you something about its processing, that information should help explain what you are likely to find in the cup.
Leaf grade tells you something. It doesn't tell you everything.
You may have seen combinations of letters such as OP, BOP or FBOP attached to black teas.
These are tea grades.
They can give useful information about the size and form of the finished leaf. Whole-leaf and more broken styles can both be used to make black tea, while quality is also influenced by factors including the leaf itself, picking standard and processing.
This is an important distinction.
A tea grade is information. It is not a simple score out of ten.
Rather than assuming that a string of letters automatically means “better”, we want to explain what the grade means and, more importantly, what difference it makes when you drink the tea.
We will be covering tea grades separately because once somebody translates the terminology, they are much easier to understand.
Brewing changes the cup more than people realise
Good tea can still taste terrible if it is made badly.
Water temperature, the amount of leaf, the quality of the water and the amount of time the tea spends brewing all affect what you drink. These are part of Sociatea's core education because they are practical differences you can actually taste.
Green tea, for example, is generally prepared with cooler water than black tea. Leaving tea brewing indefinitely can also move it from balanced to bitter or heavy. The Sociatea service guidelines use different temperature and brewing ranges for black, green and oolong tea rather than treating every tea the same way.
Again, this doesn't need to become complicated.
For most teas, you need to know four things:
How much tea. What temperature water. How long to brew it. When to remove the leaves.
A good tea company should tell you.
“Premium” is not enough information
One of the harder things about buying tea is working out why one product is worth choosing over another.
A beautiful packet can tell you very little about the tea inside it.
For us, quality needs to be explained through something more useful: the leaf, ingredients, origin, production, flavour, freshness, sourcing and how the tea performs in the cup.
That is the standard we want to apply to the teas we sell too.
If we describe something as good, we should be able to tell you why.
You don't need to know everything about tea
There is an enormous amount to learn if tea becomes something you are interested in.
It does not have to.
You can understand the difference between black tea and oolong without becoming a tea specialist.
The goal is simply to have enough information to choose with confidence.
Our own customer research found exactly this tension: an unfamiliar loose-leaf tea can be difficult to choose because you cannot taste it online, while a word such as “oolong” may be familiar without actually telling you what the tea will taste like.
So we are going to make those answers easier to find.
What you should be able to know about your tea
When it is relevant to the tea, Sociatea will help you understand:
What type of tea it is.
What it tastes like.
Where it comes from.
What the leaves or ingredients are.
What the grade means.
Whether it contains caffeine.
How it was made.
How to brew it properly.
Why we chose it.
Some of those subjects deserve an explanation of their own. We'll get to them.
For now, that's the place to start.
There is more to tea than you have been told. We're going to tell you more.
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